You can also use torsocks to run programs from the terminal, although they could potentially leak your IP, for example in metadata, even when transmitted through tor.
It is a Debian VM (actually two Debian VMs) that sends all their traffic through the Tor network.
But you would need to work in the Whonix Workstation VM if you want your traffic to go through Tor because it will not magically direct the traffic from your host through Tor.