I think there are two approaches.
- Tor + hidden node. Specifically, a hidden node is bound after the exit node, which is not made public like the Tor node. The web service provider sees the IP of the hidden node, so it does not trigger the IP blacklist.
Unfortunately, since the ExitSniffer paper was published, Tor metrics likewise detects such hidden nodes and publishes them. - Tor + Onion service. As mentioned in the paper, Tor is not using exit nodes to access web services, instead using onion services. Configuring this model is very simple and only requires volunteers to contribute onion services and inform users about them via out-of-band.